English/Language Arts - Fourth Grade: Performance Indicators (Benchmarks)
Reading
Benchmarks/Indicators
Performance Indicators State
As documented through state assessment -
At Level 1, the student is able to
- 4.1.spi.1. identify correctly used capital letters with names, dates, and addresses, and at the beginning of sentences within context.
- 4.1.spi.2. use table of contents, title page, and glossary to locate information.
- 4.1.spi.3. use prefixes, suffixes and root words as aids in determining meaning within context.
- 4.1.spi.4. recognize plot features of fairy tales, folk tales, fables, and myths.
- 4.1.spi.5. identify characters, setting, and plot in a passage.
At Level 2, the student is able to
- 4.1.spi.6. determine the problem of a story and recognize its solution.
- 4.1.spi.7. identify grade level compound words, contractions, and common abbreviations within context.
- 4.1.spi.8. use headings, graphics, and captions to make meaning from texts.
- 4.1.spi.9. select appropriate synonyms, antonyms, and homonyms within context.
- 4.1.spi.10. determine the meaning of unfamiliar words/multiple meaning words using context clues, dictionaries, and glossaries.
- 4.1.spi.11. recognize and use grade appropriate vocabulary within text.
- 4.1.spi.12. evaluate texts for elements of fact/opinion and reality/fantasy.
- 4.1.spi.13. distinguish between fact and opinion within text.
- 4.1.spi.14. interpret information using a chart, map, or timeline.
- 4.1.spi.15. use available text features (e.g., graphics, glossaries, and illustrations) to make meaning from text.
- 4.1.spi.16. indicate the sequence of events in print (fiction and non-fiction) and in non- print texts.
- 4.1.spi.17. make predictions about text.
- 4.1.spi.18. select questions to clarify thinking.
- 4.1.spi.19. identify different forms of text (e.g., poems, drama, fiction, non-fiction).
- 4.1.spi.20. recognize cause and effect relationships within text.
At Level 3, the student is able to
- 4.1.spi.21. identify and interpret similes and metaphors.
- 4.1.spi.22. determine appropriate inferences and draw conclusions from text.
- 4.1.spi.23. select sources from which to gather information on a given topic.
- 4.1.spi.24. locate information to support opinions, predictions, and conclusions.
- 4.1.spi.25. identify the author's purpose (to entertain, to inform, to persuade, to share feelings).
- 4.1.spi.26. recognize the sounds of language (i.e., alliteration, rhyme, and repetition).
- 4.1.spi.27. choose a logical word to complete an analogy using synonyms and antonyms.
Performance Indicators Teacher
As documented through teacher observation-
At Level 1, the student is able to
- 4.1.tpi.1 listen attentively by facing the speaker, asking questions and paraphrasing.
- 4.1.tpi.2 use established rules of conversation consistently (taking turns, raising hands).
- 4.1.tpi.3. decode words using learned strategies.
- 4.1.tpi.4. demonstrate an awareness of the sounds of language, including rhyming patterns.
- 4.1.tpi.5. reflect punctuation while reading.
- 4.1.tpi.6. formulate and respond to questions from teacher and other group members.
At Level 2, the student is able to
- 4.1.tpi.7. identify a purpose for reading
- 4.1.tpi.8. understand, follow and give oral multi-step directions.
- 4.1.tpi.9. preview the text to activate prior knowledge.
- 4.1.tpi.10. read and recognize various literary genres (e.g., poems, plays, chapter books and textbooks).
- 4.1.tpi.11. use metacognitive strategies to improve comprehension.
- 4.1.tpi.12. predict outcomes based on prior knowledge and adjust as additional knowledge is acquired.
- 4.1.tpi.13. express personal opinions and reactions to text (e.g., reading journal).
- 4.1.tpi.14. relate literary experiences, (e.g., literacy circles, written/oral reports).
- 4.1.tpi.15. summarize materials read and/or lessons learned.
- 4.1.tpi.16. connect life experiences to texts read.
- 4.1.tpi.17. respond creatively to texts.
- 4.1.tpi.18. use common text features to enhance understanding.
- 4.1.tpi.19. read aloud frequently using appropriate expression and rate.
- 4.1.tpi.20. read fluently basic grade-appropriate selections.
- 4.1.tpi.21. make connections among various texts showing similarities and differences related to setting, events, and characters.
At Level 3, the student is able to
- 4.1.tpi.22. organize prior knowledge, using a variety of strategies (e.g., brain-storming, graphic organizers, webbing, and mapping).
- 4.1.tpi.23. use content specific vocabulary.
- 4.1.tpi.24. use library media sources to access information (e.g., encyclopedias, Internet, electronic catalog).
- 4.1.tpi.25. compare and contrast elements of stories from different cultures.
- 4.1.tpi.26. extend ideas presented in text.
- 4.1.tpi.27. read daily and independently.
- 4.1.tpi.28. recognize propaganda techniques (i.e., bandwagon, loaded words, testimonials).
- 4.1.tpi.29. deliver an oral presentation on an assigned topic.
- 4.1.tpi.30. verify the meaning/usage of a multiple-meaning word through the use of a dictionary or thesaurus.
- 4.1.tpi.31. draw conclusions from evidence within the text.
Writing
Benchmarks/Indicators
Performance Indicators State
As documented through state assessment -
At Level 1, the student is able to
- 4.2.spi.1. choose a topic sentence for a paragraph.
- 4.2.spi.2. rearrange sentences to form a sequential, coherent paragraph.
- 4.2.spi.3. identify the purpose for writing (i.e., to entertain, to inform, to share experiences) .
- 4.2.spi.4. rearrange events in a sequential or chronological order in a writing selection.
- 4.2.spi.5. select the best title for a text.
At Level 2, the student is able to
- 4.2.spi.6. complete a graphic organizer (i.e., clustering, listing, mapping, webbing) to group ideas for writing.
- 4.2.spi.7. select appropriate time-order or transitional words to enhance the flow of a writing sample.
- 4.2.spi.8. identify the most reliable sources of information for preparing a report.
- 4.2.spi.9. select the best way to combine sentences to provide syntactic variety within context.
- 4.2.spi.10. select details that support a topic sentence.
- 4.2.spi.11. choose the supporting sentence that best develops a topic sentence.
- 4.2.spi.12. choose the supporting sentence that best fits the context and flow of ideas in a paragraph.
- 4.2.spi.13. identify the audience for which a text is written.
At Level 3, the student is able to
- 4.2.spi.14. supply a missing piece of information in a simple outline.
- 4.2.spi.15. identify sentences irrelevant to a paragraph's theme or flow.
- 4.2.spi.16. select an appropriate concluding sentence for a well-developed paragraph.
Performance Indicators Teacher
As documented through teacher observation-
At Level 1, the student is able to
- 4.2.tpi.1. generate ideas for writing.
- 4.2.tpi.2. use prewriting strategies to organize ideas and to access prior knowledge.
- 4.2.tpi.3. write for a variety of purposes (e.g., to construct journal responses, answers to essay questions, and friendly and business letters).
- 4.2.tpi.4. write frequently in the descriptive mode.
At Level 2, the student is able to
- 4.2.tpi.5. write friendly and business letters.
- 4.2.tpi.6. produce written work in various genres and formats (e.g., poems, stories, instructions).
- 4.2.tpi.7. write in response to literature.
- 4.2.tpi.8. write creatively and imaginatively.
- 4.2.tpi.9. show evidence of written work in all disciplines.
- 4.2.tpi.10. recognize and use all steps in the writing process.
- 4.2.tpi.11. understand and use prompts and rubrics.
- 4.2.tpi.12. use resources to aid in the writing process.
- 4.2.tpi.13. write frequently in the narrative mode.
- 4.2.tpi.14. use grade level appropriate vocabulary when writing.
- 4.2.tpi.15. construct clear, coherent, organized multi-paragraphed works.
At Level 3, the student is able to
- 4.2.tpi.16. develop methods of sharing written work.
- 4.2.tpi.17. use a variety of sources to gather information.
- 4.2.tpi.18. write with a sense of audience.
- 4.2.tpi.19. begin to write in the expository mode.
- 4.2.tpi.20. produce multiple drafts.
- 4.2.tpi.21. write, using knowledge from the content areas.
- 4.2.tpi.22. compare and contrast two persons, places, or things.
- 4.2.tpi.23. evaluate own and others' writing, using the Tennessee Writing Assessment rubric.
Elements of Language
Benchmarks/Indicators
Performance Indicators State
As documented through state assessment -
At Level 1, the student is able to
- 4.3.spi.1. identify the correct use of nouns (i.e., common and proper, plurals, possessives), verbs (i.e., agreement, tenses, action and linking), and adjectives (i.e., comparison forms and articles) within context.
- 4.3.spi.2. identify declarative, interrogative, and exclamatory sentences by recognizing appropriate end marks.
- 4.3.spi.3. select the best way to correct incomplete sentences within context.
At Level 2, the student is able to
- 4.3.spi.4. identify the correct use of pronouns (i.e., subject, object, and agreement), and adverbs (i.e., comparison forms and negatives) within context.
- 4.3.spi.5. identify the correct use of commas (i.e., series, dates, addresses, friendly letters, introductory words, compound sentences) within context.
- 4.3.spi.6. recognize usage errors occurring within context (i.e., double negatives, troublesome words: to, too, two; their, there, they're; its, it's).
- 4.3.spi.7. identify correctly spelled words in context.
- 4.3.spi.8. choose the correct formation of plurals, contractions and possessives within context.
At Level 3, the student is able to
- 4.3.spi.9. choose the correct use of quotation marks and commas in direct quotations.
- 4.3.spi.10. identify sentences with correct subject-verb agreement (person and number).
Performance Indicators Teacher
As documented through teacher observation-
At Level 1, the student is able to
- 4.3.tpi.1. write legibly.
- 4.3.tpi.2. spell grade level words correctly.
- 4.3.tpi.3. observe appropriate language structures, including correct use of verb tenses, in writing and in speaking.
- 4.3.tpi.4. use voice intonation to indicate appropriate punctuation.
At Level 2, the student is able to
- 4.3.tpi.5. recognize and revise incomplete and run-on sentences.
- 4.3.tpi.6. regularly use correct punctuation when writing.
- 4.3.tpi.7. recognize and correct usage errors (e.g., troublesome pairs) in speech and in writing.
- 4.3.tpi.8. spell high-frequency words and commonly misspelled words correctly as appropriate to grade level.
- 4.3.tpi.9. correct own writing for spelling, capitalization, and punctuation.
At Level 3, the student is able to
- 4.3.tpi.10. use correctly punctuated dialog in writing.
- 4.3.tpi.11. form possessives, plurals, and contractions correctly.
- 4.3.tpi.12. use commas correctly.