English/Language Arts - Sixth Grade: Performance Indicators (Benchmarks)
Reading
Benchmarks/Indicators
Performance Indicators: State
As documented through state assessment -
At Level 1, the student is able to
- 6.1.spi.1. use knowledge of root words, affixes, syllabication and/or spelling patterns as aids in determining meaning within context.
- 6.1.spi.2. determine whether a given statement within a passage is fact or fiction.
- 6.1.spi.3. indicate sequence of events in print and non-print texts.
- 6.1.spi.4. predict future events of a passage.
- 6.1.spi 5. select appropriate synonyms, antonyms, and homonyms within context.
- 6.1.spi 6. use context clues, dictionaries, thesauruses, electronic sources, and glossaries as aids in determining the meanings of unfamiliar words.
- 6.1.spi..7. select questions to clarify thinking.
- 6.1.spi. 8 . use common text features to make meaning from text (i.e., newspapers and textbooks).
- 6.1.spi. 9. evaluate text for fact and opinion.
At Level 2, the student is able to
- 6.1.spi.10. recognize and use grade appropriate and/or content specific vocabulary within context.
- 6.1.spi.11. locate information using available text features.
- 6.1.spi.12. recognize that purpose determines text format.
- 6.1.spi.13. analyze the effects of sound in context (i.e., onomatopoeia, alliteration, accent, rhyme, and repetition).
- 6.1.spi.14. choose the correct meaning of multiple meaning words in context.
- 6.1.spi.15. locate and verify information to support opinions, predictions, and conclusions.
- 6.1.spi.16. identify stated or implied cause and effect relationships.
- 6.1.spi.17. draw inferences from selected texts.
- 6.1.spi.18. analyze the use of similes, metaphors, personification, and hyperbole within context.
- 6.1.spi.19. select sources from which to gather information on a given topic and determine their reliability.
- 6.1.spi.20. distinguish among various literary genres (e.g., poetry, drama, fiction, and non-fiction).
- 6.1.spi.21. determine the main ideas of a plot, their causes, how they influence future actions, and how they are resolved.
- 6.1.spi.22. recognize the first person point of view in literature.
- 6.1.spi 23. select an appropriate summary statement and determine whether the theme is stated or implied.
At Level 3, the student is able to
- 6.1.spi.24. specify a logical word choice to complete an analogy using synonyms, antonyms, categories, subcategories, whole/part, and functions.
- 6.1.spi.25. identify patterns of rhyme and rhythm.
- 6.1.spi.26. determine the author's purpose for writing a selection (i.e., to inform, to persuade, to entertain, to share emotions).
- 6.1.spi.27. recognize common propaganda techniques (i.e. bandwagon, loaded words, and testimonials).
Performance Indicators: Teacher
As documented through teacher observation -
At Level 1, the student is able to
- 6.1.tpi.1. read orally, using appropriate expression, pronunciation and rate.
- 6.1.tpi.2. use self-correction (metacognitive) strategies while reading (e.g., rereading, reading ahead, identifying miscues).
- 6.1.tpi.3. recognize and read fluently from various literary genres (e.g., poetry, drama, novels, short stories, fantasies, and legends).
- 6.1.tpi.4. summarize orally what has been learned or read.
- 6.1.tpi.5. demonstrate active listening in both formal and informal settings, while modeling accepted conversational conventions.
- 6.1.tpi.6. use learned strategies to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words.
- 6.1.tpi.7. set a purpose for reading.
- 6.1.tpi.8. make creative responses to texts.
At Level 2, the student is able to
- 6.1.tpi.9. preview text and organize prior knowledge (e.g., webbing, mapping, listing).
- 6.1.tpi.10. express personal reactions to a text and/or relate the selection to personal experience.
- 6.1.tpi.11. design and deliver an oral presentation using props or visual aids and incorporating several sources, including other content areas.
- 6.1.tpi.12. show similarities and differences in literary elements among texts.
- 6.1.tpi.13. make connections between two or more literary texts.
- 6.1.tpi.14. make inferences and recognize unstated assumptions.
- 6.1.tpi.15. read daily and independently from self-selected materials.
- 6.1.tpi.16. interact with text(s) (e.g., ask questions, make comments, and use post-it notes).
- 6.1.tpi.17. apply comprehension strategies to texts in the content areas.
- 6.1.tpi.18. build vocabulary by reading a wide variety of texts and genres.
- 6.1.tpi.19. recognize, create, and discuss the techniques of propaganda (e.g., bandwagon, loaded words, testimonials).
- 6.1.tpi.20. read fluently basic grade appropriate selections.
- 6.1.tpi.21. explore statements in context and give support for determination as fact or opinion.
- 6.1.tpi.22. use metacognition and self-monitoring strategies while reading (e.g., pausing, rereading, identifying miscues, consulting other sources, and reading ahead).
At Level 3, the student is able to
- 6.1.tpi.23. identify how culture, ethnicity, and historical eras are represented in literary texts.
- 6.1.tpi.24. relate texts to prior personal and historical experiences, as well as to previously read print and non-print media.
- 6.1.tpi.25. use media and current technology as a research and communication tool to view, read, and represent information.
- 6.1.tpi.26. develop vocabulary by reading from a wide variety of texts and literary genres.
- 6.1.tpi.27. use content specific vocabulary.
Writing
Benchmarks/Indicators
Performance Indicators: State
As documented through state assessment -
At Level 1, the student is able to
- 6.2.spi.1. complete a graphic organizer (i.e., clustering, listing, mapping, and webbing) with information from notes for a writing selection.
- 6.2.spi.2. select an appropriate title that reflects the topic of a written selection.
- 6.2.spi.3. identify the purpose for writing (i.e., to inform, to describe, to explain, to persuade).
- 6.2.spi.4. identify the audience for which a text is written.
- 6.2.spi.5. identify the most reliable sources of information for preparing a report or project.
At Level 2, the student is able to
- 6.2.spi.6. rearrange multi-paragraphed work in a logical and coherent order.
- 6.2.spi.7. select appropriate time-order or transitional words/phrases to enhance the flow of a writing sample.
- 6.2.spi.8. select an appropriate concluding sentence for a well-developed paragraph.
- 6.2.spi.9. select the best way to combine sentences to provide syntactic variety within context.
- 6.2.spi.10. identify sentences irrelevant to a paragraph's theme or flow.
- 6.2.spi.11. choose the supporting sentence that best fits the context and flow of ideas in a paragraph.
- 6.2.spi.12. supply a missing piece of information in an outline.
At Level 3, the student is able to
- 6.2.spi.13. select an appropriate thesis statement for a writing sample.
- 6.2.spi.14. rank possible research resources according to reliability.
- 6.2.spi.15. select illustrations, descriptions, and/or facts to support key ideas.
Performance Indicators: Teacher
As documented through teacher observation -
At Level 1, the student is able to
- 6.2.tpi.1.write frequently to narrative and descriptive prompts, including frequent opportunities for timed writing.
- 6.2.tpi.2. use a variety of prewriting strategies.
- 6.2.tpi.3. share written work with others.
- 6.2.tpi.4. write well-developed stories and summaries.
- 6.2.tpi.5. use grade level appropriate vocabulary when writing.
- 6.2.tpi.6. recognize and use all steps in the writing process.
At Level 2, the student is able to
- 6.2.tpi.7. produce a final revised draft suitable for sharing.
- 6.2.tpi.8. write with a sense of audience.
- 6.2.tpi.9. write in a variety of forms and genres.
- 6.2.tpi.10. write creative, original and imaginative responses to literature.
- 6.2.tpi.11. compose notes that include important concepts.
- 6.2.tpi.12. produce more than one draft.
- 6.2.tpi 13. evaluate own and others' narratives using the Tennessee Writing Assessment rubric.
- 6.2.tpi.14. compare and respond to questions from all content areas.
- 6.1.tpi.15. use correct page format.
- 6.2.tpi.16. write personal reflections on experiences and events.
At Level 3, the student is able to
- 6.2.tpi.17. demonstrate through writing an understanding of the elements of literature (e.g., setting and characters).
- 6.2.tpi.18. experience numerous publishing opportunities.
- 6.2.tpi.19. write a research report using multiple sources and notes taken from those sources.
- 6.2.tpi.20. conduct self-evaluation through editing one's own writing.
- 6.2.tpi.21. write to acquire knowledge.
- 6.2.tpi.22. apply the Tennessee Writing Assessment rubric to an expository essay.
- 6.2.tpi.23. continue to develop a voice and writing style.
- 6.2.tpi.24. write frequently across the content areas.
- 6.2.tpi.25. develop a thesis statement.
Elements of Language
Benchmarks/Indicators
Performance Indicators: State
As documented through state assessment -
At Level 1, the student is able to
- 6.3.spi.1. recognize usage errors occurring within context (e.g., double negatives, troublesome words: to, too, two; their, there, they're; lie, lay; sit, set).
- 6.3.spi.2. identify the correct spelling of plurals and possessives.
- 6.3.spi.3. identify sentences with correct subject-verb agreement (person/number) within context.
At Level 2, the student is able to
- 6.3.spi.4. identify the correct use of nouns (i.e., common/proper, singular/plural, possessives), pronouns (i.e., agreement, subject, object), verbs (i.e., action/linking, regular/irregular, agreement), adjectives (i.e., common/proper, comparative forms), and adverbs (i.e., comparative forms) within context.
- 6.3.spi.5. identify the correct use of commas (i.e., compound sentences, coordinating conjunctions, introductory words, appositives, and interrupters) within context.
- 6.3.spi.6. choose the correct use of quotation marks and commas (i.e., in direct quotations, with explanatory material within the quote, proper use with end marks).
- 6.3.spi.7. identify correctly and incorrectly spelled words in context.
- 6.3.spi.8. identify within context a variety of appropriate sentence-combining techniques (i.e., comma + coordinating conjunction, use of semicolon, introductory phrases and/or clauses).
- 6.3.spi.9. choose the most appropriate interjection to complete a sentence.
- 6.3.spi.10. identify the correct use of colons (i.e., in business letters, preceding a list of items) within context.
At Level 3, the student is able to
- 6.3.spi.11. identify the correct use of prepositions and prepositional phrases within context.
- 6.3.spi.12. identify the correct use of conjunctions (i.e., coordinating and subordinating) within context.
- 6.3.spi.13. select the most appropriate method to correct a run-on sentence (i.e., conjunctions, semicolons, and periods to join or separate elements) within context.
Performance Indicators: Teacher
As documented through teacher observation -
At Level 1, the student is able to
- 6.3.tpi.1. write legibly.
- 6.3.tpi.2. spell high-frequency and frequently misspelled words correctly.
- 6.3.tpi.3. use appropriate language structure in oral and written language.
At Level 2, the student is able to
- 6.3.tpi.4. correct own writing for correct spelling, capitalization, and punctuation.
- 6.3.tpi.5. use simple, compound, and complex sentences appropriately in writing.
- 6.3.tpi.6. use dialog routinely in writing.
- 6.3.tpi.7. use singular and plural possessives correctly.
At Level 3, the student is able to
- 6.3.tpi.8. recognize action verb and linking verb patterns.
- 6.3.tpi.9. be aware of the proper placement of words, phrases, and clauses used as modifiers.
- 6.3.tpi.10. write with clarity across all content areas.
- 6.3.tpi.11. explore regional variations in English usage.
- 6.3.tpi.12. develop a consciousness toward correct spelling across all subject areas.
- 6.3.tpi.13 place prepositional phrases correctly within the sentence according to their functions as modifiers.